科技翻譯例文-全球電網

The Global Energy Grid

A 20-year-old scheme devised by the late Buckminster Fuller "to make the world work for 100% of humanity" may soon become a reality.

A global grid connecting the energy resources of every nation on earth could increase standards of living worldwide, reduce pollution, defuse the population explosion, and promote international peace, according to Peter Meisen, director of the San Diego-based Global Energy Network, International (GENI).

Energy — electricity in particular — is crucial to societal development according to a report by GENI. Living standards have been found to improve substantially when electricity is introduced for such purposes as lighting, refrigeration, irrigation, and communication. Fuller predicted that once the Global Energy Grid was in place hunger would end and industry would boom.

The primary reason for connecting national electricity supplies is that, while peak demand occurs during the daytime, all countries are not in daylight at the same time. With the grid, a nation experiencing peak demand could "borrow" electricity from another country experiencing low demand in another time zone. This more efficient transmission of electricity means less energy will have to be generated — resulting in fewer new power plants built and less dependence on fossil fuels and nuclear energy.

The technologies that can make this daytime-to-night-time exchange possible already exist, according to GENI: "Thirty years ago, the limit of efficient transmission was 350 miles. Then, through technical breakthroughs by our space program (new metals, ceramics, etc. ), the new effective distance became 1500 miles. This means utilities could now span adjoining time zones and begin to even out the peak and valley use patterns of the different time zones. ... Current research shows that ultra-high voltage direct current transmission today has an effective distance of 4000 miles! Although no such interconnection of this length exists, this now means we can begin to connect power grids between continents."

Today, 50 countries already are connected with neighboring nations to exchange electricity. One promising development is the connection made between the energy grid of Western Europe and that of Eastern-bloc nations. "Although the transmission capacity is small, " notes Meisen, "the barrier across the 'Iron Curtain' is broken." Special focus is thus being placed on a Soviet-U.S. connection across the Bering Strait. Such an intertie would have the advantage of making the two superpowers more interdependent and, according to GENI，would cost less than 1% of their combined annual military budgets.

"Both short - and long-term benefits dwarf this figure," according to GENI. "Additionally, every other country will explore the advantages of interconnecting with neighboring nations if the United States and Soviet Union are cooperating with each other."

參考譯文

全球電網

由已故巴克明斯特?當勒制訂的一個已經有20年歷史的方案，即“使世界為全人類服務”的計劃，可能很快成為現實。

據總部設在圣地亞哥的全球電力網國際協會(GENI)理事皮特?邁森說，將世界各國電力網連接起來的全球電網可提髙全世界人民的生活水平，降低污染，消除人口爆炸，并促進世界和平。

據GENI的一份報吿說，能源——特別是電力——對于社會發展是至關重要的，自從用電來照明、致冷，灌溉以及通信以來，人們的生活水準已經大大提高。富勒曾經預言，一且全球電網安裝就緒，饑餓就會結束，工業就會迅速發展。

要把各國的電源連接起來的主要原因是，在白晝出現高蜂用電時，不是一切國家都同時處于白天。有了全球電網，處于白天用電高峰的國家，可以從處于低谷用電期的另一時區的另一個國家“借用”電。采用這種比過去效率高的輸電方式就意味著必須生產的電力少了，其結果是，要建的新發電站少了，因此，對煤和核能的依賴性也小了。

使這種電能進行白晝與黑夜交換供應成為可能的技術途徑業已存在，據GENI說：“30年前，電力有效傳輸的極限距離是350英里。然而，由于宇宙計劃方面的技術突破（如新金屬、新陶瓷材料，等等），新的有效傳輸距離已增至1500英里。這就意味著，公用用電設備現在可以跨越相鄰的時區，并開始使不同時區里的高峰用電與低谷用電方式達到均衡?！斍暗难芯勘砻?，現在的超髙壓直流輸電的有效距離已達4000英里之遙！雖然這么長距離的連網還沒有，但是，這項研究成果現在意味著，我們能夠著手把任何兩大洲之間的電網連接起來了?！?/p>

目前，已有50個國家與鄰國連網以交換電力。一個很有前途的事態發展是，西歐電網與東歐集團國家的電網已經相互連接起來?！氨M管輸電能力不大，”邁森指出，“但是，跨越‘鐵幕’的障礙業已被打破?！币虼?，現在正把特 殊的注意力放在蘇美之間胯越白令海峽的直接電網上。據GENI說，這種連通將有利于使蘇美兩個超級大國之間的相互依賴關系比過去更強；而其費用還不到兩國年度軍事預算總和的1%。

用GENI的話來說，“無論從短期利益還是從長期利益來看，這個數字都是很渺小的?！薄霸僬?，要是美國和蘇聯彼此在合作的話，其他各國也將探討將其電網與鄰國電網相互連通起來的優越性?！?/p>

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